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Gmelina arborea

Gmelina

Multimedia & Additional Resources

Type	Description	Download
Image:	Leaves, flowers and fruit	47KB

General Information

COMMON NAMES: Gmelina, Yemane

GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION: NATIVE Pakistan - s.China - Malesia

COOK ISLANDS STATUS: Introduced - Recent (1950s), Sparingly naturalised; S.Group - uncommon (RR - rare, AT - uncommon); Land, lowlands

SIGNIFICANCE LIST: Forestry (trialed only)

KEY FEATURES: Tree to 30m. LEAVES opposite, wide-oval to 20x25cm, glossy dark-green; base blunt, with 2-6 glands at junction; tip sharp; stalk long, with white flecks. FLOWERS clustered, brown with yellow centre, 3Ø. FRUIT globose, 3cmØ, ripens yellow; seed one.

Cook Islands Distribution

View Distribution Map

Southern Group: Present Makatea: Present
RR	MG	AT	MK	MT	AK	PL	TK	MN
+	-	++	-	-	-	-	-	-

Northern Group: -
TN	MH	RK	PK	NS	SW
-	-	-	-	-	-

Key to Symbols

blank	no data
-	absent	L	localised
X	extinct 'naturally'	W	widespread
XQi	quarantine intercepted	R	recent
XQe	eradicated	?	query preceding category
P	present	T?	taxonomic query
S	seasonal	nn	present, said to have no name
O	occasional	?1	present, name not investigated
++++	very common	?2	presence not verified, no name recorded
+++	common	N/A	absent, name not expected
++	uncommon
+	rare
Cook Islands islands: RR =Rarotonga, MG = Mangaia, AT =‘Ātiu, MK=Ma‘uke, MT=Miti‘āro, AK=Aitutaki, PL=Palmerston, PN=Penrhyn, MN=Manuae, TK=Takūtea, TN=Tongareva (TS=Tongaleva Spoken, TW=Tongareva Written, they say "el" but write "r"), MH=Manihiki, RK=Rakahanga, PK=Pukapuka, NS=Nassau, SW=Suwarrow. After a Polynesian name: ^=orthography query. Countries and other: FIJ=Fiji, WT=Wallis & Futuna, SAM=Samoa, TON=Tonga, NIU=Niue, CK=Cook Islands, CKM=Cook Islands Māori, FP=French Polynesia, AUS=Australs, SOC=Societies, TAH=Tahiti, TUA=Tuamotus, MQS=Marquesas, MNG=Mangareva, PIT=Pitcain group, EAS=Easter Island, HAW=Hawai‘i, NZ=New Zealand, NZM=New Zealand Māori

Scientific Taxonomy

Gmelina arborea Roxb. ex Sm.
TAXONOMY: PLANTAE; ANTHOPHYTA (=Angiospermae); MAGNOLIOPSIDA (=Dicotyledones); ASTERIDAE; Lamiales; VERBENACEAE

More Information

IDENTIFICATION: Tree to 30m. LEAVES opposite, oval widest-towards-base, to 20x25cm, glossy dark-green above; base round to lobed; tip sharp; base with 2-6 small bulbous glands; stalk to 15cm with raised white flecks. FLOWERS on 30cm stalk, numerous; brown with yellow inside tube and on enlarged basal lobe; 3cmØ. FRUIT ~globose, 2.5cmØ, ripens yellow; flesh thick. SEED ovoid, 15x8mm.

Vouchers & References

Vouchers:
None Recorded.

References:
p.730 Neal - In Gardens of Hawaii
p.516 Hortus 3rd
p.520 Royal Hort. Soc. Index of Garden Plants
p.5/203 A.C.Smith - Flora Vitiensis Nova

Data Update History (information):
zTX, zB02, zM02, zupM04b, zD02

Web Resources

Citation Information

McCormack, Gerald (2007) Cook Islands Biodiversity Database, Version 2007.2. Cook Islands Natural Heritage Trust, Rarotonga. Online at http://cookislands.bishopmuseum.org.
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