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Acanthurus nigrofuscus

Maito

Dusky Surgeonfish

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Image:	Japan, 16cmSL	60KB

General Information

COMMON NAMES: Dusky Surgeonfish, Spot-checked Surgeonfish, Brown Surgeonfish; German Goldtupfen-Doktorfish; French Chirurgien Brun Noir

TRADITIONAL NAMES: Maito (RR MT TS TW), Para‘ā (MG), Maito Tuātoka (AK), Mā (PK)

GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION: NATIVE e.Africa - Tuamotus, Hawai‘i; n. to s.Japan; s. to Norfolk -Rapa

COOK ISLANDS STATUS: Native; S.Group and N.Group. (RR, AK, PL, SW) PLUS:; Marine, near-shore, lagoon and outer reef-slope

KEY FEATURES: To 15cm SL.(RM91) [ 21cm - GBR]

Enlarged Image of 'Acanthurus nigrofuscus'

Cook Islands Distribution

View Distribution Map

Southern Group: Present Makatea:
RR	MG	AT	MK	MT	AK	PL	TK	MN
P	P				P	P

Northern Group: Present
TN	MH	RK	PK	NS	SW
			P		P

Key to Symbols

blank	no data
-	absent	L	localised
X	extinct 'naturally'	W	widespread
XQi	quarantine intercepted	R	recent
XQe	eradicated	?	query preceding category
P	present	T?	taxonomic query
S	seasonal	nn	present, said to have no name
O	occasional	?1	present, name not investigated
++++	very common	?2	presence not verified, no name recorded
+++	common	N/A	absent, name not expected
++	uncommon
+	rare
Cook Islands islands: RR =Rarotonga, MG = Mangaia, AT =‘Ātiu, MK=Ma‘uke, MT=Miti‘āro, AK=Aitutaki, PL=Palmerston, PN=Penrhyn, MN=Manuae, TK=Takūtea, TN=Tongareva (TS=Tongaleva Spoken, TW=Tongareva Written, they say "el" but write "r"), MH=Manihiki, RK=Rakahanga, PK=Pukapuka, NS=Nassau, SW=Suwarrow. After a Polynesian name: ^=orthography query. Countries and other: FIJ=Fiji, WT=Wallis & Futuna, SAM=Samoa, TON=Tonga, NIU=Niue, CK=Cook Islands, CKM=Cook Islands Māori, FP=French Polynesia, AUS=Australs, SOC=Societies, TAH=Tahiti, TUA=Tuamotus, MQS=Marquesas, MNG=Mangareva, PIT=Pitcain group, EAS=Easter Island, HAW=Hawai‘i, NZ=New Zealand, NZM=New Zealand Māori

Scientific Taxonomy

Acanthurus nigrofuscus (Forsskål, 1775)
SYNONYMS: Chaetodon nigrofuscus [O]

TAXONOMY: ANIMALIA; CHORDATA; GNATHOSTOMATA (Jawed Vertebrates); PISCES; OSTEICHTHYES; Perciformes; Acanthuroidei; ACANTHURIDAE, Acanthurinae

Vouchers & References

Vouchers:
Rarotonga: specimen gillnet outer reef ID N.Sims, to BPBM, confirmed J.E.Randall (Sims88). Aitutaki: specimen speared lagoon ID N.Sims, to BPBM, confirmed J.E.Randall (Sims88). Palmerston: Listed (Preston95). Pukapuka: informant reports at NBSAP meeting, 2/2004. Suwarrow: Photo lagoon ID N.Sims, confirmed J.E.Randall (Sims EIA99).

References:
text p.246 Myers (1991 2nd Ed.) Fishes of Micronesia
plate 127a Myers (1991 2nd Ed.) Fishes of Micronesia
p.424 Randall et al. (1990) Fishes of the Great Barrier Reef....
p.584 Burgess et al. (1988) Atlas of Marine Aquarium Fishes (TFH)
plate 126-07 Lieske & Myers (1996) Coral Reef Fishes
plate 94-07 Allen (1997) Marine Fishes of Tropical Australia....
Species No. 923 Munro (1967) Fishes of New Guinea

Data Update History (information):
zTX, zB02, zM02, zupM04a, zD02

Web Resources

Citation Information

McCormack, Gerald (2007) Cook Islands Biodiversity Database, Version 2007.2. Cook Islands Natural Heritage Trust, Rarotonga. Online at http://cookislands.bishopmuseum.org.
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