Cook Islands Biodiversity Database

Species Page

Back to: «« Search Page | « Results Page

Add to My List

Atherinomorus lacunosus

Kīvari (AK)

Hardyhead Silverside

Multimedia & Additional Resources

Type	Description	Download
Image:	Adult - dead; full body and mouth detail	59KB
Image:	Red Sea- school of adults	37KB

General Information

COMMON NAMES: Hardyhead Silverside, Robust Hardyhead, Slender Hardyhead, Sandsmelt; German Hartkopf-Ährenfisch; French Athérine à Grosse Têtu

TRADITIONAL NAMES: Kīvari (AK)

GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION: NATIVE e.Africa - Tonga - Cooks; n. to s.Japan; s. to n.NZ

COOK ISLANDS STATUS: Native; Not confirmed, Cooks. Questionable specimen from MH (B&M74) PLUS: MH; Marine, near-shore

KEY FEATURES: To 13cm SL. Green-grey topside, wide silvery stripe on sides, with blue upper edge.

SIMILAR SPECIES: Other silversides.

Enlarged Image of 'Atherinomorus lacunosus'

Cook Islands Distribution

View Distribution Map

Southern Group: Present Makatea:
RR	MG	AT	MK	MT	AK	PL	TK	MN
					^++++

Northern Group:
TN	MH	RK	PK	NS	SW
	P

Key to Symbols

blank	no data
-	absent	L	localised
X	extinct 'naturally'	W	widespread
XQi	quarantine intercepted	R	recent
XQe	eradicated	?	query preceding category
P	present	T?	taxonomic query
S	seasonal	nn	present, said to have no name
O	occasional	?1	present, name not investigated
++++	very common	?2	presence not verified, no name recorded
+++	common	N/A	absent, name not expected
++	uncommon
+	rare
Cook Islands islands: RR =Rarotonga, MG = Mangaia, AT =‘Ātiu, MK=Ma‘uke, MT=Miti‘āro, AK=Aitutaki, PL=Palmerston, PN=Penrhyn, MN=Manuae, TK=Takūtea, TN=Tongareva (TS=Tongaleva Spoken, TW=Tongareva Written, they say "el" but write "r"), MH=Manihiki, RK=Rakahanga, PK=Pukapuka, NS=Nassau, SW=Suwarrow. After a Polynesian name: ^=orthography query. Countries and other: FIJ=Fiji, WT=Wallis & Futuna, SAM=Samoa, TON=Tonga, NIU=Niue, CK=Cook Islands, CKM=Cook Islands Māori, FP=French Polynesia, AUS=Australs, SOC=Societies, TAH=Tahiti, TUA=Tuamotus, MQS=Marquesas, MNG=Mangareva, PIT=Pitcain group, EAS=Easter Island, HAW=Hawai‘i, NZ=New Zealand, NZM=New Zealand Māori

Scientific Taxonomy

Atherinomorus lacunosus (Forster, 1801)
SYNONYMS: Atherina lacunosa [O]

TAXONOMY: ANIMALIA; CHORDATA; GNATHOSTOMATA (Jawed Vertebrates); PISCES; OSTEICHTHYES; Atheriniformes; Atherinoidei; ATHERINIDAE

Vouchers & References

Vouchers:
Aitutaki: specimen-NHP+photo, NBSAP School, 12/2000, putative ID GM, specimen to M.Francis (10/2001). Manihiki: 1 specimen #A686 as Pranesus insularum (B&M74), ID doubted W.Ivantsoff (Sims88).

References:
text p.70 Myers (1991 2nd Ed.) Fishes of Micronesia
plate p70b Myers (1991 2nd Ed.) Fishes of Micronesia
p.59 Randall et al. (1990) Fishes of the Great Barrier Reef....
p.102 Burgess et al. (1988) Atlas of Marine Aquarium Fishes (TFH)
plate 10-06 Lieske & Myers (1996) Coral Reef Fishes

Data Update History (information):
zTX, zB02, zM02, zD02

Web Resources

Citation Information

McCormack, Gerald (2007) Cook Islands Biodiversity Database, Version 2007.2. Cook Islands Natural Heritage Trust, Rarotonga. Online at http://cookislands.bishopmuseum.org.
Please refer to our use policy.

Biodiversity Database: More Options | Help

My List: View List | Edit List | Clear List