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Etelis carbunculus

Paru Marau

Ruby Snapper

Multimedia & Additional Resources

Type	Description	Download
Image:	Adult specimen (Pukapuka)	115KB

General Information

COMMON NAMES: Ruby Snapper, Squirrelfish Snapper, Shorttail Deep-water Snapper, Red Snapper; French Vivaneau Rubis

TRADITIONAL NAMES: Paru Marau (RR AT PL TW), Paru Takua (MK MT), Palu Malau (TS PK); Other Polynesian - Paru Iihi (TAH)

GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION: NATIVE e.Africa - Fr.Polynesia, Hawai‘i; n. to s.Japan; s. to New Caledonia

COOK ISLANDS STATUS: Native; PLUS: Both Groups. Most commonly caught deepwater snapper, at 150-300m.; Marine, near-shore deepbottom and seamounts, 100-450m (usually ~300m)

SIGNIFICANCE LIST: Food fish

KEY FEATURES: To 130cmFL.

Cook Islands Distribution

View Distribution Map

Southern Group: Present Makatea:
RR	MG	AT	MK	MT	AK	PL	TK	MN
+++TP			^+			P

Northern Group: Present
TN	MH	RK	PK	NS	SW
+++			P

Key to Symbols

blank	no data
-	absent	L	localised
X	extinct 'naturally'	W	widespread
XQi	quarantine intercepted	R	recent
XQe	eradicated	?	query preceding category
P	present	T?	taxonomic query
S	seasonal	nn	present, said to have no name
O	occasional	?1	present, name not investigated
++++	very common	?2	presence not verified, no name recorded
+++	common	N/A	absent, name not expected
++	uncommon
+	rare
Cook Islands islands: RR =Rarotonga, MG = Mangaia, AT =‘Ātiu, MK=Ma‘uke, MT=Miti‘āro, AK=Aitutaki, PL=Palmerston, PN=Penrhyn, MN=Manuae, TK=Takūtea, TN=Tongareva (TS=Tongaleva Spoken, TW=Tongareva Written, they say "el" but write "r"), MH=Manihiki, RK=Rakahanga, PK=Pukapuka, NS=Nassau, SW=Suwarrow. After a Polynesian name: ^=orthography query. Countries and other: FIJ=Fiji, WT=Wallis & Futuna, SAM=Samoa, TON=Tonga, NIU=Niue, CK=Cook Islands, CKM=Cook Islands Māori, FP=French Polynesia, AUS=Australs, SOC=Societies, TAH=Tahiti, TUA=Tuamotus, MQS=Marquesas, MNG=Mangareva, PIT=Pitcain group, EAS=Easter Island, HAW=Hawai‘i, NZ=New Zealand, NZM=New Zealand Māori

Scientific Taxonomy

Etelis carbunculus Cuvier, 1828
SYNONYMS: Etelis coruscans [MisID of authors]

TAXONOMY: ANIMALIA; CHORDATA; GNATHOSTOMATA (Jawed Vertebrates); PISCES; OSTEICHTHYES; Perciformes; Percoidei; Percoidea; LUTJANIDAE, Etelinae

Vouchers & References

Vouchers:
Cooks: Allen 1985, FAO Fish. Synop. #125 (v.6). Mauke: field-specimen, College, 3/2001, ID Sonny Tatuava & GMcC. Palmerston: 2 specimens 29kg x 109cm T.L. 20kg x 98cm T.L., deep handline (150-300m) trials (Preston95). Tongareva: listed in T&P85. Pukapuka: fieldspecimen+photo, 2/2004, G.McCormack with ID as Etelis carbunculus.

References:
Special Reference: Allen 1985, FAO Fish. Synop. Snappers of the World... #125 (v.6).

p.513 Randall et al. (1990) Fishes of the Great Barrier Reef....
plate 41-03 Allen (1997) Marine Fishes of Tropical Australia....

Data Update History (information):
zTX, zB02, zM02, zupM06a

Web Resources

Citation Information

McCormack, Gerald (2007) Cook Islands Biodiversity Database, Version 2007.2. Cook Islands Natural Heritage Trust, Rarotonga. Online at http://cookislands.bishopmuseum.org.
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